Road-grading machine



Jan. 19 1926. 1,570,267

D. G. M/IKr-:Nzlrs |=:r AL

ROAD GRADING MACHINE 1 Filed March 14-l 1925 s' sham-sheet- 1 Jan. 19 I, 1926.

D. G. MACKENZIE El' AL ROAD GRADING HACHINE Filed uarch 14. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVerZYorS. I l

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Jan'. 19, 1926. v 1,570,267

D. G. MACKENZIE Er AL Rom GRADING nclmm Filed ual-cn 14', 1925 s sheets-sheet :s

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Jan. 19 ,1926;1' L1,570,267 DT G. MACKENZIE ET AL ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filed March 14,',` 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jan. 19 1926.

D. ca.- MAcKl-:Nzn-:E-r An.

ROAD GRADINGv CHINE Filed March 14, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet' 5 allang,

Patented Jan. 19, 1926/.

'UNITED Vsfra-frees .PAT-@Nif C nomma.commi Menem naissances-EERannexes..erMammut QUEBEC,

QANQA- Y. .moansaMDINGf,Lr

VappiieatimmeaManen 14.115325. p semi 10.515.704.

fication and `illustrated -in the accompanyingdrawings that forinpart oflthefsame.

The invention consists essentiallybf the novel features of constructionpointed out broadly and speciica'lly lin 1'the claims for novelty following -a description containing an explanation in l detail of an acceptable forni Vof the invention.

- The objects of fthe invention are to introfduce intoeheavy` machines of *the roller type su'race attacking devices having ,consider1- able flexibility, so that the road mayn'ot be Iunnecessarily defaced 4.to `facilitate the operati-ons offroad machines in maintaining or finishing-the surfacev layers; to insure well kept `roadways at a reasonable yCost yfor maintenance to-f distribute the pressure in regard to the maintain-ers andth-us -reducefthe operations 'requiredto-.even the surface; to accomplish the aforesaid.purposewith a-silnple and'strong n'iechanisin of comparatively few parts and ythose of/fgreat strength Vyet readilyv manipulated; and generally to provide an efficient and durable machine-at a reasonable cost of production.

-lnvthe drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a roadlinachine, showin-g the invention attached thereto.

`Figure 2 is a plan view of the machine particularly illustrating the `invention.

yFigure 3 is a front elevation of thermachine, showing the pressure distributing inechanisin andthe maintainers.

Figure e is a detail showing arplan view of the frame. Y

Figure 5 is a detail showing aside elevation ofthe frame.

l Figure G is a detail of' a runner shawing 50 a side elevation.

Figure T is a detail showing a plan view of a runner.

Figure 8 is adetail showinganend elevation of a runner.

. Figure' 9 is a -detail'showingf a plan ofthe grader-'broken away.

Figure; 10 isa detail of -the graderjshowinl fa frontfele'vation.

'i igurewll isa4 cross sectional "detail-of the graderI on ,the line lle-11 in lFigure l10.

Fi ure 12 is afragmentaryj-detil 'showing t Veabladel adjustment.

Figure `13 i-savr cross seetionalfdetail on thejfline` iii-13 in'fFig'ure 12.

Figure Mfisean enlarged detail `ofthe rear swiy'el4 connection.

"Figurev '15Y isl a :detail :fof they intermediate suspension device of theframe.

Figure `ljis an enlarged-pzerspective'detail of -`the bearing bracket" forxthe graders and frame.

Figure 17' isav detail otja pressure arm andbracing' and control1 arm.

Z'ligurelS is ak plan View ofthe parallelograrns arrangement in vthe operationoflthc graders.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in Athe various figures.

f'Referr'ing `to lthe drawings, the suspension frame. 25 carries, all fthe; grading mechanism and the vbody framer and roller'machine frame carry the `pressure mechanism.

The suspension v`frameYQ is substantially pear-shape and; formed of channel bars eX- ten'dinggfat-Jtheir rear end into y'the bearing plates-28 and atftheiriiront ends into the filler platesr29, to Vwhich the pivot bearing bracket 30 is secured saidgbraclret having upper dand lowerfiianges 31 and 32 respec tively having pin holes for a vertical pin therethrough' and a basalt?)` having a pin hole Vfor a" horizontal and longitudinally inser-ted pin. Theqiiller 1;)latesl29are reinforced vby tliegtie bar 34 riveted tothcchannelysidesbflthe vframe and tosaid filler plates and another' tie bar 3:5inT-:shape extends yfrom fthef-brackets 86 and-"37 secured l'to said channel sides interinedifately inthe frame25 betweenf'the bar 34 and fthe converging end 'of the frame.

AThe pivot bearing *ormedby'fthe parallel lugs 38V and-*39 isl securedtothwT-bar- 35 and-the slotted suspension Lbracket 40 is pivotally secured inw saidlugsl 38 and 39 by the pin 41, which vhas alirnited vertical movement in said lbracket 40, but is rigidly secured Yto r"themmachme' frame 27; thereby avoiding any lateral shifting of the frame CTI 25, while permitting vertical movement. rl`he trame 25 at the rear end is secured by the pin 42 to the bracket 43 rigidly secured to the dilferential casing 44 forming part of the roller machine construction, this pin 42 extending through the bearing supported by the bracket 80 thereby hinging thewhole trame 25 at the rear end, so that it may swing troni said rear pivot bearing upwardly and downwardly to the limit ot movements as pr vided in the intermediate suspension pivot bearings troni the T-bar 85.

rlhe pivot bearing bracket is secured by the pin 45 to the iront or the frame 25, ber ing secured through the liller plates 29 and itselrl forming a hinge part ior the graders 46 and 47.

The graders 46 and 47 have the hinge parts 48 and secured to the upper portions respectively, the hinge parts 50 and 51 secured 'towards the lower ends respectively and all or these hinge parts 48, 49, 50 and 51 encircle the pins 52 which are inserted through the flanges 81 and 32 and suitably held therein.

rlhe graders have thecutting blades 53 and 54 secured thereto and from these'blades the adjusting plates 58 project through grader backs 56 and and the adjusting plates 58 and 59 said backs having the vertr cal pin slots 60 and said adjustment plates having the diagonal slots 61 the pins 55 being rigidly secured to their adjusted positions by the nuts 62 suitably locked. The adjustment plates 58 are moved lengthwise on the backs 56 and 57 in adjusting the height the blades and securing the desired place ot the bolts 68 in sets through bolt holes 64 variously placed in said backs.

The outer end portions 65 and 66 or' the graders 46 and 47 are piifotally secured to the inner central portions 67 and 68 by the pivot hinge 69 and 70 respectively, thus these outer end portions are collapsible and may be drawn inwardly at any time tor clearance or outwardly held by the radius rods 71 and 72.

rl`he runners 78 and 74 are also secured to the graders 46 and 47 inside the collapsible end portion 65 and 66 and pirotally held by the pins 7 5 and 76 and at their rear ends are pivotally connected to the machine frame by the anchoring rods 77 and 78 forming with the contre line or the traine 25 parallelograins on both sides, in any7 position of the graders 46 and 47. rlhe radius rods 71 and 72 are adjustably secured to the runners 73 and 74.

rlhe multiple springs 7 9 and 80 are built up of the gradually shortening leaves 81 clamped together as customary in this type of spring but having longer overlaps 82 towards one end and thereby grouping thel leaves more compactly at the front end or head 88 to strengthen that portion or the spring ascompared with the rear end or tail 84, the heads being secured to the front pivot brackets 85 of the runners and the tails being secured to the rear slip bracket 86, a bearingV bar 87 extending across each runner intermediately of the length of the tails 84.

rlhe universal joints 88 are secured lo the equalizing bars 89 and 90 and particularly to the sleeves 91 centrally secured to said bars 89 and 90.

flhe tubular arms 89a and 90a are tapped internally at the lower ends and screwed on to the joints 88 and extend upwardly in Va slightly inclined direction inwardly from either side to bring them within easy operating distance of the body trame 26 and adjacent to the upper ends; each of these tubular arms has an adjustable collar 91 rigidly secured thereto which is universally secured to the brackets 92 and 98 pivoted to the frame rlhe crank shaft 94 is operated by the segmental worm gear 95 and worm 96 and its cranks 97 are secured by the adjustable connecting bars 98 to the collars 91 the gears being operated by the wheel 99 through the rod 100, while the steering of' the roller machine is operated by the wheel 101 through the rod 102 gear 108 and 104, worin 105 and segmental gear' 106, mounted on the hing post 107 this operation as will be seen being quite distinct from the operation ot the pressure arms.

rihe equalizing bars 89 and 90 are preferably channel irons each having a longitudinal slot`108 outwardly beyond the sleeves 91 and tl'irough these slots the bars 89 and 90 are mounted on the runners 73 and 74 the pins 109 extending upwardly from the plate bearings 110 projecting through said slots 108 and suitably secured.

rfhe plate bearings 110 are tixedly secured to the c amps ot the springs 79 and 80, thus bringing them between the head and tail portions or" said springs, from which will result greater initial pressure on the noses ot the runners and an evening pressure as the tail portion reaches the intermediate rod tearing.

'lhe equalizing bars 89 and 90 at their Y 1 ends are pivotally secured to the pin co icidently with the swing of the graders 46 and 47.

The roller 111, is journaled in the bear- 112, extending from the hing post 107 and the rollers 118 and 114 are mounted and driven as usual in tractor machinery and these rollers r'cllow the graders and coinpress the road material distributed by the action of the graders.

The graders 46 and 4l' are adjusted and ign held to their forward and -rear `positionsby the struts 115 and 116,which are pivotally securedfto the lugs 117 projecting from the grader 46 and the lugs 118 from thegrader 47, these-struts havinglugs 119 and 120V respectivelyttinginto the frame 25 and -held by the pins 4121 and 122 inserted through holes 123 insaidi-mainoperating frame.

It may be advisable to lfurther support the frame 25and this maybe accomplished by meansof the ten-sion'springs 124 and 125 thereby hanging the frame l25 from the trank-'shaft 94 or 'any suitable part of the vehicle Eframe or brackets therefrom. j

No mention has been made of clutches for changing the lift lor pressure fromione side to thecther'or operating the two sides together in the grading-members as this is a common device but to= complete the description of the parts it'may'besai'd that they are-of conventional'design and indicated by' the numerals 126 vand 127. Y

In. the operation -of the machine the rollf ers are driven forwardly asrcustomaryin all tractors of` the type and the hand 'wheel 99 is operated and this through the wor1n 96, gear licranlr 97 connecting bars 98 tubular arms 89a and 90a and runners 7 3, and 74 lowers the'fgraders 46 vand/47 so that theblades and 54 engage the road surface. f f f This pressure through the hand wheel 99 is continued'with the 'result t-hatthe lnoses of the runners 73 and 74 aredipped because of `the greater resistanceofthe head portions of :said springs 79 and l8O.

yllt has been lexplained that the lgraders 46 and 47 are pivotally secu-red to the runners 73 and 74, th'rou'ghthe'swivel brackets 128 held vby the pins 129 therefore the Vdipping action of the front ends. of said runners brings vthe blades 53 and -54"in digging contf1-ct with 'the road surface in-afshaving motion, kconsequen'tly the inequalities of the road attackedarecut away7 but'the ownward digging movement is limited lto the initial attack, for :the continued downward pressure on thesprings 79 and 80 brings the weakervltailportions into :contact with the intermediate bearing bar 87 thus equali-zing the iresistan'ceof the frontland rear portions of the spring and continuing vand finishing the `cut on parallel lines withthe general trend Aof the road in the longitudinal direc* tien this operation being repeated automatically `as leach inecjuaiity` comes incontact with lthe vblades the depth of .cut being variable bythe operator at any time by variation of applied pressure.

The rollers followA up the levelling of the road and firm-ly compresses the disturbed material and it maires nofdiference whether the roadway is simply pitted or rippled, the action of the Scrapersforfgraders willbe precisely'fa's' described h'ereinbefore andj always atthe command Iof 'the operaton'fwhopresumedly :understands `the grading offroads.

Thisjmachine accomplishes fthe purposes ci. the invention largely through the pivotal support andvsuspension of the mainoperatingframe, which insures flexibility in the movements ofthepartsand facility in'handling the adjustments. It will have been noticedrby thev description of the details that this main operating frame swings from a rear horizontal pivot and is suspended intermediate Vof vits length in its lowermost position said suspension allowing the frame a vertical movement swinging from lthe rear.

' Theroller machine thusdrives the cutting members from its extreme rear end which considerably relieves the fore part of the machine and minimizes the power required for, driving purposes,fat the'same time giving great @force in the digging-and cutting so that the "levelling is `done with comparative ease.

The equalizing'bars 89 and 90 distribute the spring `pressure throughout the graders 46 and 47 without afecting the action on the runners andthe eiiiect of the runners on thc graders in fact the lmore forward the posh tion of the graders may be the-greater'the pressure of the pressure arms on the springs and likewise the lesser -the pressurein the rearward positionsas thepins from the runners adjust themselves in the y.slots 108 bringing therunners nearer to the point of pressurel on forward movement yand moving them away from it on the rearward move ment.

The'positions of the graders-are adjusted by moving them forwardly or rearwardly by means of the struts -115 and 116,l Awhich are pinned .to the main frame and it will be noticed in this ccnnect-ionvtliat on account of the central pivoting of :these graders the individual positionof each grader may be chosen'to suit the workin hand `and this is very useful particularly in cutting and filling and also inthe treatmento-f one part of the road differently from the other part in fact this feature of the inachineiwill undoubtedly be of great service to road experts in* construction and repair'work and changes maybe made in the operating parts and connections to further facilitate' the operation rshould it be `found desirable in the operations'to do so. Y

The runners 73 and 74 are made with the renewable shoes 130 and slightly turned lulp front'and -rear and will slide over a roadway full ofripples'forwardly and backwardly until completely smoothed outpbut this is accomplished with great despatch with this machine, because ofthe exceptional facilities provided in exerting lthe force from' the extreme rear ofthe vehicleY and applying digging pressure only f at the'moment required L' and naturally `las fa yico''nseelu'enc'ie f lre'- lieving that pressure to continue 4a lsha'vi-ng Slt) movement, which is the essential in carrying the operation to a successful finish.

The symmetrical construction et this machine facilitat the road operations and tends towards e. Leiency in the work done an d this does not appear te have been known before'.

The collapsible portions of the blades relieve the w l considerably when the cutis light as they may be folded back.

Another that e is the adjustability oi the blades whereby the wear may be accounted il'or in the adjustment and many bits carried and changed or adjusted with great rapidity.

lt must also be noted that the method of coupli blades to trame avoids twisting and insmes longer lite to the parts.

`What re claim is l. In a road grader, a frame adapted to be secured to the vehicle, a grading mechanism carried by said i' ine including ground trailers and pressure devices distributing the weight from the iront rearwardly on said ground members.

2. in a road grader, a trame adapted to be piyotallTv and centrali;7 supported at the rear oi the vehicle, a grading mechanism carried by said frame including ground trailers and pressure devices distributing the weight from the front rearwardly on said ground members.

ln a road grader, 'traine having front and rear central pivotal bearings and adaptL ed to be pivotally secured at the rear end of the vehicle, grading mechanism mounted on said front pivotal bearings and including trailing ground members, and pressure devices ldistributing the weight from the iront rearwardly on said ground members.

el. ln a road grader, a frame flaring outwardly from a rear pivotal bearing and adapted to envelop a iront roller of the vehicle and having central pivotal bearings at the front end, a grading mechanism mounted on said front bearings and including trailing `ground members and pressure devices distributing the weight from the front rearwardly on said ground members.

5. A road grader comprising a grading member swinging from a central pivot and having a pusher trame carrying at the front end a bearing for said pivot and at the rear and converging end a bearing for its supporting pivot adapted to secure it to the rear of the vehicle, ground member and a pressure member acting on said grading member through said ground member independently of said pusher frame.

6. A road grader comprising a grading member in right and lett hand sections pivoted centrally and a pusher frame carrying centrally at the front end a pivoted pivot bearing for said sections and at the rear end a pivot bearing adapted to connect the frame to the rear of the vehicle and means or maintaining the said sections to their outer operating positions.

T. A road grader comprising road grading members formed of centrally pivoted arm carrying adjustable blades and having a pusher frame `{.ivotally supported at the rear of the vehicle and flaring outwardly in a forward direction and meeting at the pivot bearing for said arms.

8. A road grader comprising a pair of 'ading members centrally and commonly `aivoted and having extensible sections and a pusher fr .me unitary with said members iu the operation and pushing' from the back ot the vehicle centrally on said grading members and intermediately on the same through adjustable struts, and brace rods ior said extensible sections.

9. A road grader comprising a pair of grading arms having renewable blades and outer extensions similarly equipped and a pusher frame having a central pivot bearing pivoted thereto at the front end and extending ou"U from said bearing and gradually tapering to a rear horizontal pivotal bearing at the rear ot the vehicle, ground members flexibly secured to said arms, struts from said rame to said main arms, and brace rods from said ground members to said eX- tensions.

10. A road grader comprising a grader member having a pusher frame carrying a pivot bearing, a longitudinal pivot securing said bearing to the frame, a vertical pivot in said bearing securing said member to its pusher frame and a rear horizontal pivot securing said Jframe to the vehicle.

1l. A road grader comprising a grader member swinging horizontally from the front of a pusher frame, a lianged pivot bearing upper and lower flanges extending outwardly from a back and pivotally secured through the latter to a bracket in said frame, a pivot through said anges securing said member tosaid frame through said pivot bearing, a strut adjustably holding said member trom said 'rame and a rear horizontal pivot joint supporting said frame from the vehicle.

l2. A road grader comprising a pair of grading arms carrying renewable blades and operating outwardly from a common central pivot secured in a. pivot bearing pivotally secured to the pusher frame torming a unit with said grading member, running ground members attached to said grading members, pressure bars pivotally secured on the aforesaid pivot above said arms and to said ground members and pressure arms engaging said bars.

13. In a road grader, a frame suitably' supported from the vehicle grading members pivotally supported from the front 0i said frame and having folding outer sections, struts pivotally secured to the inner graff;

ltie bar at the frontend of said frame and filler plates rigidly secured thereto and forming a pivot bearing, a pivot brackethaving upper and lower flanges a pin securing said 'pivot braclretto said frame, a pair Vof grading members, a pin .securing said grading members to said pivot bracket and struts holding said grading membersout` wardly fromthe frame.

15. In 'a road grader, a ,frame suitably supported from the vehicle and having a pivot bearing at the front end, a pair of grading members mounted on said pivot bearing and extending outwardly therefrom on eitherr side, a pair of runners pivotally secured at the front ends to said grading members, struts adjustably holding said grading members and means for exerting pressure on said runners. Y s

16. In a road grader, a grading mechanism, runners pivotally secured thereto, a

frame from the vehicle secured to said grading mechanism and means including la leaf spring for exerting pressurejon` said runners to depress the noses thereof and immediatelythereafter distribute the pressure along saidrunners. l

17. In a road grader, a frame suitably secured to the vehicle, vgrading members pivotally secured to said frame, runners pivotally secured to said grading members, means for exerting pressure onA the runners and anchoring rods securing the rear ends of said runnersto said framev and forming with a center line through the frame constant parallelogram's notwithstanding Vthe change'vinpositions of the gradingmembers.

18. In a road grader, a frame secured to the vehicle, av pf'airl of grading members pivotally secured tothe front ofthe frame, runners pivotally secured to and extending rearwardly from said" grading members, springs secured to the fore ends of said runners and means for exerting. pressure on said springsk to initially dip` the noses of the runners.

19. In a road grader, a pair kof runners, multiple leaf springs having. comparatively. weak rear portions, permanent bearings below said weak portions, a pair of graders engaging'said runners,- a framer and means" fori exerting pressuref'on said springs.

20. In a'ro'a'd grader,l a. pair of runners havingl springs in leaf form stronger at the frontends and extended at the othery ends to weaken the fress'ure at-the initial movement, bearing ro s vinterinediately kof said weak portions', .a' pair' of' grading members secured to vrsaid runnersand means for exerting pressure towards the front portion ofI said springs for initially dipping the noses of saidrunners.

.21. In a road grader, a frame connected with the Vehicle, a grading member, arunsecured to said grading member, a pivoted equalizing bar having a slip connection with said runner and means for bringing pressure on said bar to bear onV said runner. c

22. In a road grader, a pusher frame connected with the vehicle spreading frontwardly and carrying a universal bearing, a pair of gradingmembers universally secured atthe front of said frame, a pair of runners pivotally secured to said grading members, a pair of equalizing bars pivoted with said .grading members and extending over said runners and means for exerting pressure on said runners through said bars.

23. In a road grader, a frame connected with the vehicle having a central pivot bearing at the front end thereof, a pair of equalizing arms mounted on said pivoted bearing and having a longitudinal slot therein, a pair of grading members swinging from said pivot, a pair of runners pivotally secured to said grading members and extending rearwardly therefrom and spring cushions there-l on, said cushions having plate bearings thereon and pins projecting upwardly from said plates through said slots, and means for bringing pressure on said equalizing bars.

24. In a road grader, an operating frame` a central pivot bearing at the front end thereof, a vpair of gradingl members swinging outwardly from said pivot, a pair of slotted equalizing bars extending from the said pivot, a pair of runners pivotally se-V cured to said grading members andhaving spring bearing rods at. the'front, rear and intermediately, a multiple spring on each runner having greater resistance at the front portion and pins projecting upwardly through said slotted bars and means for bringingy pressure on said springs through said equalizing bars i 25. In a road grader, a multiple leaf spring built up comp'actly at the front end and having extended overlaps on the rear yportion and clamped between the strong and weak portion, a runner having front and rear pivotbearings for said spring and Van intermediate seat thereforto maintain the equilibrium 0f the' runner, a grading member secured to said Arunner and means for bringing. pressure onL .said springbetween the strong and "weak portions.

26. In a road grader, a' tapering frame from front to rear of the"vehiclea plurality of barsA and rods swinging outwardly'from saidv frame, on eitherside 'and forming grading members, equalizirng bars' and anohoring rods, runners secured thereto and pressure members flexibly connected tosaid equalizing bars and through the latter bearing on said runners.

27. A road grader comprising a pair of grading members and a supporting frame pivotally secured to the mechanism of the vehicle at the rear end and carrying said arms in a pivotal bearing at the front end, a pair of pressure bars mounted on said pivotal bearing, runners flexibly secured to said grading members and engaged by said pressure bars, a pair of pressure arms ilexibly connected with said bars and projecting upwardly and supported from vehicle frame, and a crank mechanism connected through tension arms to said pressure arms.

28. In a road grader, a vehicle frame, two pressure arms having adjustable collars thereon flexibly secured to said frame, adjustable tension rods from said collars, cranks pivotally secured to said tension rods, a crankshaft mounted in said vehicle frame and operating rods and gear therefrom, a frame, pressure bars secured to the vehicle frame, grading members secured to said frame, runners secured to said grading mem bers and bars engaged by said pressure arms to exert pressure on said runners.

29. In a road grader, a vehicle frame, a pair of pressure arms flexibly supported from said frame at their upper ends, a pair of pivoted grading members and runners therefrom, a frame supporting said grading members, pressure bars engaged by said arms and a manual control operatively connected with said pressure arm-s to bear on said runners through said bars. v

30. In a road grader, a vehicle frame, a pair of pressure arms flexibly supported from said frame, a crank mechanism and hand operating gear operatively connected to said pressure arms, a pusher frame having a front pivot bearing and at the rear pivotally secured t-o the vehicle, a pair of grading ymembers mounted on said front pivot bearing and runners therefrom and pressure bars mounted on said front pivot and extending to said runners and having a universal connection to said pressure arms.

31. In a road grader, a vehicle frame, a pair of pressure arms suitably supported from said frame, crank shafts and worm gears, a coacting worm and operating rod, connecting rods to said pressure arms from said crank shaft, a pair of pivoted grading members and runners therefrom, springs mounted on said runners, equalizing bars pivoted with said grading members and having slip connections with said runners.I universal joints carried by said bars and forming the flexible connections to said vpressure arms, and a suspended and pivoted frame carrying said grading mechanism.

32. In a road grader, a blade having bolts 'qldapted to fold backwardly to shorten the j extending therethrough, a. bar having vertical slots through which said bolts extend and an adjusting and locking plate slidably arranged on the inner side of said bar and adapted to be rigidly secured at one end to bar and said blade on its adjusted position.

33. In a road grader, a channel bar having vertical slots, a blade having horizontal slots centrally crossing said vertical slots,`

an adjusting and locking plate having diagonal slots intersecting said vertical slots and sliding on the bed of said channel bar, bolts extending through said slots and bolts rigidly securing the three plates together to the adjusted position.

34. In a road grader, a vehicle forming a road tractor and having driven rear rollers and a central front steering roller, a bracket secured to the rear driving mechanism, an operating frame embracing the front roller and converging between the rear rollers and pivotally secured in said bracket, an intermediate suspension member engaging said frame, a pivot bearing bracket pivotally supported at the extreme front end of said frame, a pair of grading members pivotally mounted in said pivot bearing bracket and swinging outwardly, a pair of equalizing bars mounted on the same pivot, runners extending from said grading members and carrying spring cushions supporting said equalizing bars, in slip connections, struts extending from the grading members to the frame and adjustable on the latter, pressure arms connected through universal joints to said equalizing bars and crank and gear to said pressure arms.

35. In a road grader, a ground member formed of an angle bar and a tread bar secured to the horizontal section of said angle bar and removable therefrom for renewal, lugs at the frontand towards the rear ends of said angle bar forming spring fastenings, an intermediate bearing member, and a spring secured to said fastenings and extend ing at one end over said bearing.

36. In a road grader, a grading mechanism including blade and runners the latter having swivel brackets at the front ends connected to the runners by horizontal pins` said brackets having lugs for vertical pins connecting them to the blades.

37. In a road grade-r, a pair of blades extending outwardly from a universal bearing and swinging independently from a frame supported from the vehicle, adjustable struts holding said arms from said frame at the desired angle respectively and means on either side having similar parts and adapted to Criperate said blades for attacking the roa 38. In a road grader, a grading mecha, nism including a pair of blades centrally pivoted and having collapsible end portions l operating blade for lighter work and for clearance in travelling and adjustably attached struts and brace rods holding the main and end parts respectively to their work.

39. In a road grader, ya frame having a central front pivot bearing in channel bar form, a pair of channel bars having upper and lower hinges pinned in said bearings, and blades adjust-ably secured to said channels below the lower hinges.

40. In a road grader, a pair of grading members having blades secured thereto, a pusher frame adapted to be supported at the rear of the vehicle, pressure members operatively connected to said grading members, a crank shaft connected to said pressure members and having operating means extending therefrom, tension springs from said crank shaft to said pusher frame, one on either side, adapted to ease the operation in lifting the grading members, and means for guiding said frame in its vertical movements. Y

4l. In a road grader, a pair of grading members having blades secured thereto, pusher frame adapted to be supported at the rear of the vehicle, pressure members operatively connected to said grading members, a crank shaft. connected to said pressure members and having operating means extending therefrom, tension springs from said crank shaft to said pusher frame, one on either side, adapted to ease the operation in lifting the grading members and parallel lugs from the pusher frame engaging the guide thereabove.

42. A road grading machine comprising a vehicle frame and rollers forming the running gear, a frame extending from between the rear rollers around and about the front roller and having a universal bearing at the front end and a pivot bearing from the vehicle at the rear, a pair of grading arms secured in said universal bearing, and means for applying pressure on said arms.

43. A road grading machine comprising a vehicle having compressing rollers and pressure gearing and control mechanism, and means for cutting and evening the road in advance of the rollers including individually' and collectively controlled graders and a frame hinged and pushed from the rear of the vehicle and adjustably supported intermediately and carrying said graders and runners attached to the latter and dipped to cause the entry of blades in advance of said rollers by pressure through equalizing members. i

44. A road grading machine comprising a vehicle having compressing rollers and pressure gearing and control mechanism and means for cutting and evening the road in advance of the rollers including individually and collectively controlled graders and an operating frame having a bearing bracket Y pusher frame attached to the rear of the vehicle at the contracted end by a hinge having a comparatively wide bearing in a bracket secured to the differential casing and suspended intermediately by pivot bracket and side springs, said frame carrying all the grading mechanism.

46. In a road grader, a grading mechanism having a pair of arms, carrying blades pivotally secured to the front centre of a pear shaped frame in a bearing itself pivoted in the frame and held from the receding sides of said frame by struts movable from hole to hole in said sides, said sides converg ing from either side to a bearing closing the rear end and adapted to be secured to the vehicle.

47. A road grader, comprising a grading mechanism formed of a pair of cuttin members normally resting on the road an pivotally secured at their inner ends and swinging outwardly from the central pivot bearings to either side and a pusher frame carrying a universal pivotal bearing centrally at its wide front end for said cutters and tapering from said front end to a rear pivotal bearing and swinging upwardly and downwardly therefrom and moving free of the' influence of the front bearing and vertically guided in the centre and spring sup-I ported on either side intermediately of the front and rear bearings.

. Signed at Montreal, Canada, this 24th day of February, 1925.

DONALD GORDON MACKENZIE. MARIUS HONAKER NEOKER. 

